On the Anaphoric Status of Do So

This article examines the anaphoric status of do so anaphora, reclassifying it as deep anaphora in Hankamer and Sag’s (1976) dichotomy of deep versus surface anaphora. Originally considered surface anaphora, do so has been shown to exhibit mixed behavior when the full range of empirical facts are considered. I look at data from a wide variety of diagnostics and show that do so’s behavior as surface anaphora falls out from independent properties of the anaphor. A consequence of this analysis as deep anaphora is that do so should no longer be used as evidence for the internal structure of the verb phrase.